Islamic Finance Moves Toward Common Standards

Regulation should help provide a basis for the industry's expansion.

Islamic finance is one of the fastest growing segments of international financial markets. Currently, total sharia-compliant assets amount to an estimated $1.125 trillion to 1.275 trillion, with an annual growth rate of 15-20%. The global credit crunch has not left it unscathed, and recent capital market growth has been hampered by conflicting interpretations of the sharia compliance of specific wholesale product structures (sukuk). Nevertheless, the outlook for the sector is positive.

AAOIFI. Efforts to standardize Islamic financial products should enhance the sector's prospects. The Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) plays an important role in this regard:

--Originally subscribed by an alliance of domestic and international Islamic banks as well as the Islamic Development Bank, industry-sponsored AAOIFI has since extended its membership categories to include authorities that regulate and supervise Islamic financial institutions.

--It also offers observer member status to conventional financial institutions that operate Islamic 'windows' (special facilities offered by conventional banks to provide services to Muslims who wish to engage in Islamic banking).

Standards. AAOIFI’s Sharia Standards 2010 contains 41 standards, including 11 new stipulations pertaining to gharar (uncertainty) in financial transactions, arbitration, zakat (alms giving) and online financial transactions among others. Additionally, its Accounting, Auditing and Governance Standards 2010 contains 40 standards covering the areas of accounting, auditing, ethics and the governance of Islamic financial institutions.

National adoption. These standards are primarily targeted at individual Islamic financial institutions, but they have also been adopted at a national level:
--The AAOIFI's standards have been made mandatory for Islamic financial institutions in Bahrain, Dubai International Financial Centre, Jordan, Sudan, Syria and Qatar.

--Last month the State Bank of Pakistan announced that it had begun selectively to implement AAOIFI Sharia Standards and has advised Islamic banks to prepare for the phasing in of further standards in the near future.

--In other countries, including Indonesia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, AAOIFI standards have been incorporated into national guidelines and are adhered to by AAOIFI member institutions.
Standardization issues. The lack of standardization of Islamic financial products has been a major barrier to the cross-border sale of Islamic financial products. The AAOIFI and its sister standard-setting organization, the Kuala Lumpur-based Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB)--primarily tasked with developing capital adequacy rules for Islamic financial institutions--have become key players in the construction of the emerging international framework that governs Islamic finance. The AAOIFI has over 200 members from 45 countries while the IFSB has 193 members operating in 39 jurisdictions.

More intrusive regulation. So far the compliance of member institutions with the standards can neither be enforced nor fully monitored, unless they are mandated at country level and then enforced by domestic regulators. Last month, the AAOIFI announced a timetable for taking a more intrusive approach to regulating Islamic financial products, including plans to create a watchdog committee--composed of sharia scholars and market practitioners--by the second half of 2010. However, increasingly different trajectories of Islamic banking and Islamic capital market development could in turn affect the further standardization of Islamic financial products.
Challenges. There are two major challenges to the further growth prospects and pace of development of the industry. Both could benefit from enhanced standardization and the AAOIFI's work more generally:

--Interpretation of Islamic law. Given the absence of a highest religious authority in majority Sunni Islam, assessing the Sharia quality of Islamic financial products depends on a number of representatives from different legal schools with sometimes widely varying interpretations.

--Scarcity of qualified sharia scholars. To address the shortage of scholars well versed in both sharia and finance, a number of programs have sprung up that offer degrees in Islamic finance.

Outlook.Overall, the outlook for Islamic finance remains positive. Recent efforts to develop common standards for Islamic financial institutions should help to provide a sound basis for the expansion of the industry.

Source: Forbes

Ahmadinejad: Iran emerging as new global power

President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said on Sunday that the Islamic Republic of Iran is now emerging as a new power which has left vital impacts on global developments.
President Ahmadinejad made the remarks in a meeting with the new Iranian Ambassador to Bolivia Alireza Ghezili.

Iran attaches importance to expansion of ties and cooperation with Bolivia, he said and called for expansion of political, economic and cultural ties with the country.

There are amicable ties between the two countries in various fields which are expected to be bolstered, he said.

The new Iranian ambassador to Bolivia should try to help upgrade current level of cooperation between the two countries given Iran’s status among world countries, said the Iranian president.

The status of Iranian ambassadors to other countries is outstanding as Iran has been recognized as a new power having crucial impacts on global developments, he said.

Source : IRNA

's SABIC gets $1bn credit from Alinma Bank

by Souhail Karam

Saudi based Alinma Bank said it would grant a $1 billion credit facility to Saudi Basic Industries Corp (SABIC), plugging a financing gap at the world's biggest petrochemicals group.

In a statement confirming a report by Al Hayat online news service on Tuesday, Alinma said: "The facility will fund some of SABIC's petrochemical projects as part of its strategic plans to enhance financing performance, boost competitiveness and help it achieve (its) expansion and growth strategy."

It did not disclose the terms of the facilities, saying only they complied with Islamic law.

Alinma was set up by royal decree in 2006. Government owned pension funds are its biggest shareholders with a 30 percent stake while Saudi citizens hold the remaining 70 percent.

SABIC Chief Executive Mohamed al Mady declined to comment while Chief Financial Officer Mutlaq al Morished could not immediately be reached for comment. Alinma said Morished signed the agreement on behalf of SABIC.

SABIC's financial arm SABIC Capital delayed last month a benchmark dollar bond issue due to jitters that hit global credit markets over fiscal problems in some euro zone countries.

It was not immediately clear if there was a link between the Alinma deal announced on Tuesday and the delay in SABIC Capital's delayed bond issue.

Ratings agency Moody's assigned the planned bond an A+ rating and said it understood it would be used to refinance or repay debt at SABIC Innovative Plastics Holding, the renamed GE Plastics.

SABIC Capital was established in 2008 to look after the financing and tax operations of SABIC's investments in Europe and the United States after the acquisition of DSM Petrochemicals and GE Plastics.

Between July 2006 and May 2008, state controlled SABIC raised 16 billion riyals ($4.27 billion) from three Islamic bond issues. It raised $533.2 million in December 2009 from a private bond placement.

A typical benchmark bond issue is for a minimum $500 million. SABIC said that it has to repay $1.47 billion in long term loans in 2010 and $3 billion in 2011.

Source : Reuters